Ken Shirriff programs Apollo Guidance Computer for Bitcoin mining

Summary

Computer scientist Ken Shirriff successfully programmed a restored Apollo Guidance Computer, originally developed to navigate NASA's Apollo spacecraft, to perform bitcoin mining hashing calculations. This vintage computer, which weighs about 70 pounds and features only 4 KB of RAM, was salvaged from a scrapyard in the 1970s and never flew in space. Shirriff's custom code enabled the 1960s machine to execute SHA-256 calculations, essential for bitcoin mining, though each calculation took about 5.15 seconds; consequently, he estimated that finding a new block at 2019’s network difficulty would take roughly a million times the age of the universe. Despite demonstrating the hashing process, the computer did not earn any bitcoin, highlighting the extreme demands of the proof-of-work required by the protocol.

Tokens

$BTC

Analysis

Bitcoin: Bitcoin is the pioneering cryptocurrency that uses proof-of-work with double SHA-256 hashing for its mining process. The news recounts an experimental implementation of its core calculation on a restored Apollo Guidance Computer from the Apollo era. This highlights the extreme computational intensity of Bitcoin mining relative to early aerospace technology. Ken Shirriff: Ken Shirriff is a computer scientist and reverse-engineering expert focused on historical computing hardware and chips. He has restored the Apollo Guidance Computer and continues publishing detailed analyses of vintage systems such as the Intel 8087 in 2026. In this demonstration, he implemented Bitcoin's SHA-256 hashing algorithm on the restored 1960s NASA unit to showcase its computational limits. Vintage Computing: Enthusiasts and researchers continue active reverse-engineering and restoration of 1960s-1970s hardware in 2026. Bitcoin Experimentation: Historical demonstrations of Bitcoin algorithms on unconventional devices underscore the protocol's demanding proof-of-work requirements.

Categories

bitcoincryptomachine_learning

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